Electrochemical biosensors: A biosensor that converts a biological signal into an electrical signal is known as an electrochemical biosensor. They are made up of a biological recognition element, such as an enzyme or an antibody, and an electrode that detects the signal produced by the recognition element.
Electrochemical biosensors are better than other forms of biosensors in various ways. They are quick, sensitive, and easily miniaturized. They are also inexpensive and may be used in real time, making them suitable for point-of-care testing and in-field applications.
Electrochemical biosensors are classified into three types: Amperometric, Potentiometric, and Impedimetric. Potentiometric biosensors detect the potential difference formed by the reaction between the recognition element and the analyte, whereas amperometric biosensors measure the current produced by the interaction. Impedimetric biosensors evaluate changes in electrode impedance induced by the reaction.
Medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety are only a few of the applications for electrochemical biosensors. They can be used in medical diagnostics to assess glucose levels in diabetic patients, detect cancer biomarkers, and monitor medicine levels in patients. They can be used in environmental monitoring to identify toxins in water and air. They can be used in food safety to detect infections in food products.
Overall, electrochemical biosensors are a powerful device for detecting biological substances with numerous potential applications. Ongoing research is aimed at improving their sensitivity, selectivity, and stability in order to expand their application.
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